Unix and Linux Comparison Matrix

University of Phoenix Material Unix ® and Linux ® Comparison Matrix Directions: Choose three different versions of the UNIX ® or Linux ® operating systems to compare in the following matrix. Insert the three chosen versions and fill out the columns based on the components on the left-hand side of the matrix. |Components |Red Hat Enterprise Linux |SUSE Linux |Debian GNU/Linux | |Role of shell |Uses a Bash command shell. This |Uses a variety of shells but the|Uses the Dash shell. This shell | | |shell uses scripts that make use|most standard is the Bourne |executes faster than Bash and | | |of small utility programs. |Shell. An upgraded shell |contains a need for fewer | | | |commonly used is the GNU |libraries to process these | | | |Bourne-Again Shell (BASH). This |commands and is more reliable as| | | |shell supports features of other|to applying upgrades and | | | |shells and works well with |reboots. | | | |beginners. | | |Three features and roles of each|Enhancement to PCI-e 3. 0 and USB|GNOME desktop function which |APT package management system. | |feature |3. . This allows for |gives the look and feel of SUSE |This package management system | | |manufacturers of system |Linux a better mirage of beauty |promotes high quality release of| | |development to provide new I/O |and functionality. This feature |packages as well as easy | | |devices more quickly. |uses a slab rather than menu |upgrading and automated install | | |SGI UV 1000 provides an |bars. or deletion of packages. | | |increased scalability in x86-64 |YaST Control Center. This |Debian Live is a version that | | |systems which will give |administration program handles a|can be uploaded and booted from | | |customers a performance of 1280 |variety of things such as system| removable media such as USB’s or| | |cores and 8TB memory. setup, hard disk partitioning, |disks. This system also contains| | |A new virtualization will allow |updates, network and firewall |some of the same features as | | |for a better performance by |configuration, and others in an |SUSE Linux. | | |giving the customer a better use|integrated interface. This |NAS support allows for Debian to| | |of hardware. |allows for more power of |support many software programs | | | |manipulation and |with added support as well as | | | |personalization. |easy implementation. | | | |A Build Service. The Build | | | | |Service will give users the | | | | |ability to develop, compile, | | | | |release, and publish their own | | | | |software for distributions | | | | |including that of major use. It | | | | |makes packaging simpler allowing| | | | |for multiple dispersing. | | |Comments on security |This distribution of Linux has a|SUSE Linux also uses a PAM |Security is handled through | | |strong security. The current |security enhancement and |public disclosure making it a | | |security use is PAM or pluggable|requires a long process for |viable product if not updated | | |authentication modules. |login. There are many module |and commonly overseen. There is | | |Authentication is thoroughly |checks required and an |an audit team that continually | | |integrated into the operating |authentication process is |reviews an archive looking for | | |system. The access controls are |required. There is a requisite |possible threats and fixes. | |based on experience of long |feature that will halt process |There are optional security | | |duration among UNIX development |if a failure is found known. |packages available but need | | |communities. Security is well |These are great features yet |purchasing. The extra security | | |oriented in this distribution |time consuming when wanting |does greatly increase security | | |allowing easy modifications |access but all the same safe. A |performanc e but is not what | | |without damaging effects. strong password is still |would be expected by all that | | | |required to prevent any leaks. |rely on it. | |Comments on administration |To administer this distribution |The administrator account is the|This administration form also | | |of Linux the administrator must |root. This account has all |uses a root account. There are | | |have a strong knowledge of many |rights of found goods on Linux |several system management tools | | |utility programs. The |server without restrictions and |available via the web. These | | |administrator must also have a |requires password strength |tools will help the | | |familiarity with per1 and python|because of power of access. Care|administrator to fulfill their | | |scripting language. There is |and consideration should be |needs and accomplishments. The | | |continuous monitoring of the |taken by the administrator as |administrator of a Debian Linux | | |system capacity and large |the environment can be very |system should also have | | |amounts of resources available. susceptible to malicious |knowledge in use of password | | | |scripts, programs, and code. |management and authentication of| | | |Administrator has much power. |programs and software. | |Comments on networking |Red Hat Network is a great form |SUSE Linux has a large |Debian Linux is a very flexible | | |of networking for this |flexibility allowing for |system when networking is | | |distribution of Linux. This |streamlined management filing |concerned. The use of TCP/IP and| | |network ability gives the user |networks as well as support |or proxy servers as well as | | |the ability to fulfill duties |options for data tiering |private addresses is just some | | |remotely. The networking |capabilities and a platform |of the networking possibilities | | |potential with this distribution|client support. Partnering with |when accessing a network for | | |is very well developed. |windows has opened the door to |communication and application | | | |new realms as well. |needs. The networking potential | | | | |of this distribution of Linux is| | | | |similar to all others as they | | | | |are based off of two main forms | | | | |of UNIX. The networking | | | | |abilities have good reviews and | | | |are said to work quickly and | | | | |efficiently. | |Comments on performance |Performance has increased with a|Performance is mixed due to |Many claim that Debian Linux is | | |new version available. The RHEL |individual preference. Many |the best integrated OS | | |v2. 6. 32 has more storage options|claim that the operating system |available. The programs within | | |and a new Linux kernel. There |runs too slow and is frustrating|this OS are individually | | |are more cores and 64TB memory. |when trying to fulfill commands. maintained by individual | | |Support is still a great |The claim that windows runs |programmers. The ability to | | |additive to the Linux system and|faster is a constant. Others say|change and manipulate the | | |will give this distribut ion an A|that it is everything expected |programs are at ones fingertips. | | |in achievement. |and more with increased |The performance is efficient and| | | |functions and durability. |well documented. Support is not | | | | |as strong as some but has enough| | | | |strength to continue to fulfill | | | | |necessities. | |Comments on programmability |The programmability is customer |Programmability of this form of |The programmability of Debian | | |based allowing for customers to |distribution is a very well |Linux systems are at the mercy | | |modify to their needs and confer|organized. SUSE Linux has many |of the user or administrator. | |with partners to increase |options for programming allowing|The availability of libraries | | |performance. The latest software|the user availability to open |and source code are in abundant | | |upgrades will be available to |source as well as the option for|quantities. This allows for | | |customers and a 10 year support |personalized creation and |owners to personalize the OS to | | |package is offered. Customers |development of their own |their needs and likes. This | | |will also be able to have access|software. creates a great function fo r all| | |to a large library of open | |that use Debian Linux. | | |source code as needed decreasing| | | | |costs. | | | |Other |Overall, this distribution of |After research, I would agree |After reading and understanding | | |Linux seems to be a great form |that this form of Linux is well |the uses and abilities of each | | |of OS and system enhancement. rounded and provides an age |of these distributions, I find | | |The advantages and support as |founded version as it is one of |this version to be the best in | | |well as the security make it a |the first. Yet this distribution|all areas but security. This | | |fair choice. |doesn’t match the expectations |distribution tends to appeal to | | | |of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. |many and gives the users that | | | | |currently use it a satisfactory | | | | |grade. |

Tonto’s Dysfunctional Family Tree Essay

America is a multicultural nation. This fact is undeniable. We are a mishmash of people from all parts of the globe, each with a unique story to tell. One of the struggles of being such a diverse nation is that different ethnic groups often fail to understand one another. I believe that cross-cultural writing is a powerful tool that dispels ignorance and fosters greater multicultural understanding. Writing has the power to bring people together. There are many prominent cross-cultural writers in the history of American literature. Each of them has added to a growing genre that explores what it’s like to move to this country in pursuit of the ever-elusive â€Å"American Dream.† Sherman Alexie is one such writer. However, his theme is not one of searching for the â€Å"American Dream.† His theme addresses what happens when the â€Å"American Dream† lands on you. Sherman Alexie is Native American, and his stories expose one of America’s dirty little se crets. In the paragraphs that follow, I will review Alexie’s life, the genre and style in which he writes, and the overall themes of his work. I will analyze the short story, â€Å"Every Little Hurricane†, taken from the anthology, The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven. Sherman Alexie was born on October 7, 1966 in WellPoint, Washington. He belongs to the Spokane Tribe of American Indians called the Salish Group. At the time of his birth he had hydrocephalus, a disease in which the patient has an excess of cerebrospinal fluid. The only option was to get an operation that he most likely would not survive. Yet despite these dire predictions, he survived an invasive surgery at the tender age of six months. He didn’t just survive; he thrived. Despite chronic seizures related to his condition, Sherman continues to power through life with extreme determination. He learned to read at the age of three and from then on nothing could hold him back. As a teen attending a reservation school Sherman was shocked to discovered his mother’s name inscribed in one of his textbooks. The realization that the school’s books were decades old led to his determination to leave the poverty-stricken reservation and get a thorough education elsewhere. He earned a spot in one of the top high schools in Reardon, Washington, where he was a star student and athlete. He proceeded to the University of Go nzaga, where his dream was to become a physician. After fainting from disgust in his anatomy class, he had to abandon this dream. It was during this dark time period that he  began abusing alcohol. He then changed his major, a decision that was based on his love for poetry and aptitude for writing. This change of direction brought him to Washington State University where he quit drinking and earned a B.A. in American Studies. Sherman Alexie began his professional career in 1990 when his work was published in Hanging Loose magazine. This initial success gave him the incentive to quit drinking at the age of 23, and he’s been sober ever since. His first collection of short stories, The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, was published in 1993, and that was just the beginning. In 1995 he launched his career as a novelist with Reservation Blues, an expanded version of the characters introduced in the previously mentioned collection. In 2007 he published a young adult novel, The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian. This novel is a reflection of his personal experience growing up on the Reservation. Alexie is the winner of numerous honors and awards including the 2001 PEN/Malamud Award, the 1994 PEN/Hemingway Award, the 2007 National Book Award, and the 2010 PEN/ Faulkner Award (www.fallsapart.com). Alexie is a modern writer who is not bound by a single genre. He has written poetry, novels, screenplays, and most notably short stories. As the dominant Native American short story writer of today, he creates unique imagery through recurrent memories, visions and dream sequences. He utilizes diary entries, faux newspaper articles, and multiple storytellers to tell stories within stories. One example of this is seen in â€Å"Trial of Thomas Build-the–Fire†, where Thomas is personified as a number of historical figures. Alexie also uses cultural figures like Crazy Horse, Jesus Christ, Jimi Hendrix, and the Lone Ranger, to accentuate the complexities of his humble characters. According to Leslie Ullman â€Å"He weaves a curiously soft-blended tapestry of humor, humility, pride and metaphysical provocation out of hard realities†¦ the tin-shack lives, the alcohol dreams, the bad luck and burlesque disasters, and the self-destructive courage of his characters.† (Ruby, M. 2011). I believe Ullman’s comment is right on point. All of the stories in The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven challenge the reader intellectually, emotionally and spiritually. Alexie seems to have a two-fold purpose for telling his stories. Firstly, he yearns for all Native Americans to keep their memories and heritage alive through the art of storytelling. Secondly, he communicates how modern Native Americans endure the assault of mainstream  culture on their heritage, imagination and spirit. While his writing is modern, traditional or historical elements like powwows, fancy dancing, alcoholism and poverty, are interwoven throughout. His writing juxtaposes sadness with humor, brutality with kindness, and spirituality with materialism. He depicts numerous prominent characters in this collection, rather than just one or two dominant characters. The compilation contains twenty-two short stories that are loosely interconnected. In the first story, â€Å"Every Little Hurricane†, Alexie introduces themes that play out through the rest of the book, such as poverty, despair, death, alcoholism, humiliation, and the hope of transformation. In this story Al exie explains the choice between remembering the pain of the past, and creating a false reality to avoid that pain. Alexie uses the character Victor, who is nine years old, to explain this struggle. The story is told from Victor’s perspective during a New Year’s Eve party at his parents’ home. Disturbed by the drinking and extreme violence, Victor comforts himself by imagining that a hurricane has caused the destruction, rather than his own tribe. The hurricane is a fitting metaphor because it hits on both the emotional turmoil and social chaos prevalent in Victor’s dysfunctional family. Victor is faced with the decision to either remember what really happened, or forget by instead imagining that a hurricane caused the devastation. Ultimately, he chooses to accept the reality of his disturbing childhood. However, even though he chooses to live in the truth, he resorts to finding comfort in the only way he can, which is between the two unconscious bodies of his drunk parents. Alexie points out that the dysfunction in Victor’s family is the result of a long-standing attitude on the Reservation. Violence has become habitual, and therefore accepted. This point is made when Adolph and Arnold (Victor’s uncles) begin to fight, getting mired in â€Å"a misdemeanor that would remain one even if somebody was to die. . . . [For] one Indian killing another did not create a special kind of storm.† (Alexie, p 3) Alexie implies that American Indians have internalized all of the violence that has been perpetrated against them since their first contact with Europeans, so that even murdering one of their own goes almost unnoticed. The oppression that they have suffered has turned them into silent witnesses. According to Victor, â€Å"They were all witnesses and nothing more.† (Alexie, p 3) As the story continues, Alexie points out that  alcoholism is the most serious problem facing Victor’s tribe. Victor’s most powerful memory is of his father crying over the absence of Christmas presents, while getting drunk to escape the pain of the family’s abject poverty. His father continuously opens and closes an empty wallet â€Å"as if the repetition itself could guarantee change. But it was always empty.† (Alexie, p 5) Alexie shows the pervasiveness of alcoholism with continual references to the smell and taste of sweat, smoke, whiskey and blood. These are constant companions of Victor’s existence, so that he actually believes that â€Å"the alcohol seeping through [his parents] skin might get him drunk, might help him sleep.† (Alexie, p 9) From day one Victor is forc ed to gain survival skills to handle extreme fear and poverty. When he sees â€Å"an old, [drunk] Indian man drowned in a mud puddle at the powwow† (Alexie, p 7) he understands that alcoholism is not his family’s problem alone. It is a problem of his entire culture. After completing The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven it is obvious to me that Sherman Alexie is as Bob Hershon so aptly put it, â€Å"one of the major lyric voices of our time.† (Alexie, p xiii) His writing pulls the cover off of America’s dirty little secret of what life is like growing up on the Reservation. Many critics have vilified him for perpetuating the stereotype of the drunk Indian. This is not so. Alexie doesn’t write about the destructive effects of alcohol on Indians due to some literary stance or prejudiced perspective. Simply put, he is truth telling. I have wracked my brain to come up with an overall theme for this piece of literature. Then it came to me in a flash. Why not use Alexie’s own words, â€Å"I kept trying to figure out the main topic, the big theme, the overarching idea, the epicenter. And it is this: The sons in this book really love and hate their fathers.† (Alexie, p xxii) Works Cited Alexie, Sherman. The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven. New York, NY:Grove Press, 1993, 2005. Falls Apart, Offical Website, http://www.fallsapart.com, 2013 Johansen, Bruce E. Native Americans Today: A Biographical Dictionary. Santa Barbara, Calif: Greenwood Press, 2010. Ruby, Mary. Authors & Artists for Young Adults Vol. 85. Detroit, Mich: Gale / Cengage Learning, 2011.

Women and Religion in the Middle East Essay - 2571 Words

Religion and Women in the Middle East Religion goes hand in hand with culture, and in the Muslim countries this is very apparent. The cultural importance of men over women may have stemmed from religion, however it was further recognized when imperialist countries introduced capitalism and class divides. â€Å"Islam must combat the wrenching impact of alien forces whose influence in economic, political, and cultural permutations continues to prevail† (Stowasser 1994, 5). Now, instead of an agrarian state where both men and women had their place, difficulties have formed due to the rise in education and awareness that women can and do have a place in society beyond domestic living Though women are not equal to men anywhere around the†¦show more content†¦In some societies, women in the judicial process have very few rights that are the same as men, and their punishment seems to be much greater. Treatment by the Taliban in Afghanistan, and by other groups such as the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood all contribute to how women are treated legally. Zohreh Arshadi asserts that in countries such as Iran, The Islamic punishments have encouraged a culture of violence against women...The fact that men receive a lighter punishment if they commit a violence against women undoubtedly encourages such violence. We saw how women could be killed with impunity during alleged adultery. Stoning to death for adultery, although technically admissible for both sexes, has also been carried out mainly against women† (Arshadi 2012). It is in countries such as Iran, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, and some non-Middle Eastern countries where the Qur’an is taken as a literal word and law, and there is constituted into actual state law. This means that certain texts from the Qur’an are used to treat women violently. For example a passage in the Qur’an states: Hadith Muslim (4:1982) The Prophet said, â€Å"I saw Hell also. No such (abominable) sight have I ever seen as that which I saw today; and I observed that most of its inhabitants were women. They said: Messenger of Allah, on what account is it so? He said: For their ingratitude or disbeliefShow MoreRelatedWomen And The Middle East Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesWomen, or the female human being as defined in the dictionary, have been the discussion for so many ages. They have defended their sexuality, rights and had to fight for their equality with men. In the public view, we see that the image of women in the west differ from the east or that is what have been known for years. The image of women in the west is outgoing, free, and equal to men. While in the east, women as published in media, news, etc is dying of poverty, sexual violence, and being overpoweredRead MoreCcot823 Words   |  4 Pagesthe 1800’s to present day, the Middle East has undergone many changes and continuities causing formation of their national identity, main factors that contributed were social aspects on society, governm ent structure, and the strong religious roots they possess. The majority of changes occurred through the society aspects with the treatment of women and the discovery of oil. In Middle Eastern history women have had limited rights and have always been unequal to men. Women have always remained very conservative;Read MoreA Thousand Splendid Suns Report1455 Words   |  6 PagesWomen’s Rights in the Middle East† The Middle East is notorious for holding women to a lower social status than men. Middle Eastern women have not been allowed to flourish as individuals for hundreds and thousands of years. In her detailed journal on women in the Middle East, Haleh Afshar explains, â€Å"For too long, the analytical parameters for understanding citizenship, identity and the processes of war and migration have been set up by men† ( 237). Either these women rebel or protest againstRead MoreMiddle East Women1551 Words   |  7 PagesJay Sammelmann Dr. Holzhauer UI350-01 4/24/13 Women of the Middle East The women of the Middle East are very interesting to look in to. They are not just another person or treated by the same standards like they are treated here in the United States. There is a lot of controversy and fighting for women’s rights throughout the Middle East. They have an extreme lack of power there and they are fighting to change that. It is not right that women are such inferior people over there because theyRead MoreAn Argumentative Essay about Middle Eastern Women.1715 Words   |  7 Pagesendless. Women in America are now set at ease with laws that protect their rights from being violated and discriminated against just for being female. Unfortunately not every place in the world is as lucky as the women here in the US. The rights of Muslim women in the Middle East are despicably being violated in many different ways. Many people foolishly argue that it is how they were raised in the Middle East, and that their equality is on the rise. How women present themselves in the Middle East canRead MoreEvelyn Alsultany Takes A Different Approach To The Oppression1585 Words   |  7 Pagesapproach to the oppression of Muslim women that the U.S. portrayed in the media to fuel the War on Terror and analyses that the U.S. portrayed Islam as backwards and an uncivilized culture. Alsultany analyzes published stories and news shows on CNN, NBC, CBS, and Fox after the 9/11 attacks and concludes that these news stations used women’s oppression and linked it with terrorist attacks because they conveyed that Muslim men hated the West’s cultural ideals of women being free and wanted to impose IslamRead MoreWomen Are Oppressed And The Middle East890 Words   |  4 Pagesour mind about the Middle East (Iraq, Afghanistan and Iran)? Do you think of unequal treatment for women? Do you think of terrorist? There a lot of stereotypes when we think about the Middle East. Sometimes, we cannot always believe what we hear on the n ews. The stereotypes that we commonly use is that women are being oppressed, and the whole country is filled up with terrorists. Why do we think that women are oppressed in the Middle East? One way that we could think that s women are oppressed is becauseRead MoreA Summary Of The Clash Of Civilization1608 Words   |  7 Pageswriting the â€Å"Clash of Civilizations: And the Remaking of World Order, then Edward Said writing a scholarly essay on his theory known as Orientalism. These two theories both established in the same era refer to issues within economies like the Women in the Middle World. Clash of Civilization The Clash of Civilizations is a theory or hypothesis that came about after the Cold War. A scientist by the name of Huntington P. Samuel wrote a book and article called The Clash of Civilization; And the RemakingRead MoreCC of Cultural and Intellectual Tradition of The M.E. (600-1450 CE)766 Words   |  4 Pagesform the Dar-ar-Islam. Used to unite the Middle Eastern Empire, Islam – founded by the prophet Muhammad in 610 CE – created a stable civilization based on Islamic views and teachings for its individuals. In the Middle East during the time of 600 CE to 1450 CE, the religion of Islam stayed unchanged, while the influences of different cultures altered the traditions of the society as well as the women’s rights and status in the civilization. As the Middle East developed over the years, the prominenceRead MoreMiddle Eastern Women Rights in Islamic Society1419 Words   |  6 PagesWomen Rights of the Middle East â€Å"Life is full of unhappiness and most of it caused by women (Harik and Marston 11)†. For women in the Middle East life is faced with great and unequal odds, as their human rights are limited, due to Islamic beliefs and that of patriarchy. From their daily actions at home to their physical appearance, Middle Eastern women are portrayed as quiet, faceless women veiled from head to toe. While this image is just another stereotype, women in the middle do face many obstacles

Like Water For Chocolate And John Steinbeck s The Grapes...

In Laura Esquivel’s Like Water for Chocolate and John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath, the female characters are presented in nontraditional ways for the times in which the novels are set. Each novel shows a clear distinction between the male and female characters, and it would make sense to feel a feminist vibe from the authors at certain points in the novels. In these novels, the female characters use the traditional distinction between gender roles to change the dynamics of their families and function within the novel. Before discussing the change from identifying the characters’ traits as female to relating their actions more to a male identity, and vice versa, the relationships between the male and female characters must be explored†¦show more content†¦In contrast, the beginning of Like Water for Chocolate barely mentions men in leadership roles. Tita’s father, who remains unnamed throughout the novel, is dead. Because he is an unnamed dead man he foreshadows the insignificance of the men in this novel. He is honestly better off dead than being emasculated by Mama Elena, or even Tita later in the novel. The only other men mentioned in the first chapter are Pedro and his father. Their encounter with Mama Elena was demeaning in itself. They were denied Tita’s hand in marriage and manipulated by Mama Elena into marrying Pedro and Rosaura. Power in this novel is clearly, from the very beginning, in the hands of Mama Elena, a woman. Will that power remain with her up un til her death or does Tita, by staying in her place cooking and nurturing, hold the power all along? The structure of Like Water for Chocolate is permeated in feministic tendencies. The subtitle reads, â€Å"A Novel in Monthly Installments with Recipes, Romances, and Home Remedies.† Does that not ring with the familiarity of women’s magazines from the 1800’s and early 1900’s like Godey s Lady s Book and McCall’s Magazine? Women would use these magazines to keep up with current fashion trends and to connect and share ideas with women they otherwise would not know. Communication is a powerful tool. Although, the women were sharing recipes, clothing patterns, and stories, they were still making connections

Apple 2012 Case Study Essay - 847 Words

BU288-ONL01 06. Case 14: Apple Inc. in 2012: Can it Sustain its Growth†¦ Key Issues Issue 01: Steve Jobs is now gone - can they do it without him in the long term? Issue 02: Sustain its growth and success Issue 03: Mac vs Personal Computer competitive positions Issue 04: Google moving into Apple’s smartphone market As the business manager of the Apple Corporation, I would need to look at the business and determine who are my direct competitors and determine where I am going to seek opportunities for a competitive advantage in some aspects of the business. It is impossible to speak of Apple and not associate the vision, charisma, and innovation of Steve Jobs (http://www.biography.com/people/steve-jobs-9354805#synopsis). He†¦show more content†¦Issue 02: Apple is a wildly successful company that generates billions of dollars in profits every year. This is one of the strongest examples of how a company with the right strategy, great products, a strong leader and the willingness to take some risks can become vastly successful. The market in which Apple is strong has intense rivalry for market share. Apple is challenged with staying ahead of its competitors and maintaining long-term relationships with its customers. In order to stay ahead of the competition Apple is forced to keep produc t innovation a top priority. I would maintain a Blue Ocean Strategy to market our product and maintain our competitive advantage (McGraw-Hill Irwin, Page 152). The company has a strong and loyal customer base which will allow Apple to concentrate the focus to highlighting the features of our products. I will not focus on what our competitors can and cannot do; I will focus the attention to the benefits of having Apple products. Strategic marketing campaigns highlighting the different uses and features of the popular iPhone and iPad will headline the campaign. Issue 03: The weak area of Apple Inc. is the fact that most of its products are all available in the market. Consumers around the world have many options to popular hardware and software devices and operating systems. Since PCs are the one that areShow MoreRelatedApple Inc 2012 Case Study2377 Words   |  10 PagesFact of the case On April 4, 2010, Apple Inc. launched its eagerly anticipated iPod amid great hype. The company started off as â€Å"Apple Computer,† best known for its Macintosh personal computers (PCs) in the 1980’s and 1990’s. Despite a strong brand, rapid growth, and high profits in the late 1980s, Apple almost went bankrupt in 1996. Then Jobs went to work, transforming â€Å"Apple Computer† into â€Å"Apple Inc.† with innovative non-PC products starting in the early 2000’s. 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Employment Relations and Human Resource Managementâ€Free Samples

Question: Differences between Employment Relations and Human Resource Management? Answer: Introducation According to Armstrong Taylor, (2014) the issues of employment have a close link to wealth, security, status and therefore contributes to a lot of debate across the divide. In the United States of America, the issues of employment Relations incorporates matters relating to the workplace and the changes of legal policies affecting workers and industries. Storey (2014), adds that the analysis of the policies follows thematic and chronological forms with the focus on the management practices in the organization and the development of the labour organizations, the effects of collective bargaining on the institutions, and the workers rights achieved through judicial and administrative avenues. Understanding the issues of employment and human resource management of different countries and region provides an essential understanding of the historical and contemporary management practices and other organization behaviors. For the managers, it equips them with requisite skills to enable them positively influence the productivity of the employee and how they relate to the industry, implement diversity and link these related activities to their corporate and business strategy. In addition, human resource practices in the organization highlight the issues of policy issues such as health care coverage, dispute procedures, and pensions. Human Resource Management Sparrow, Brewster Chung, (2016) defines the term Human Resource Management as the function in the organization which emphasizes on the matters of management, recruitment and guiding the employees who works in the organization. Therefore, virtually all the workplace programs and processes that are associated with the workers fall directly under human resource management influence. The HR manager is tasked with the provision of necessary tools, knowledge, training and coaching of employees, carrying administrative services, legal advice, talent management and the general oversight of the organization activities required for successful operation. Alfes, Shantz, Truss Soane, (2013) argues that there are also activities such as employee and community outreach which are sponsored by the department. Also, the managers are required to frequently mentor the employees and team as well as addressing philanthropic and all the events that deals with employees. Employee Relations The concept employee is associated to a particular country or an organization and is sued to describe the group efforts applied in the management of relationships between the managers and the workers. If the relations program is good, it means the administration is providing consistent and fair treatment without discrimination. In response, the workers are committed to their tasks and responsibilities and thus shows loyalty to the firm. The objective of these programs aims at preventing and resolving any issues that may arise from issues at the workplace. There is a relationship between HRM and employment relations because the managers apply strategy to accomplish employees related missions such as pay and remuneration benefits, ensuring work-life balance and providing the safe working environment (Dix, Oxenbridge, 2013). Therefore, one of the best and most efficient methods of managers providing good employee relations is adopting an HR strategy that is concerned with the high value of the stakeholders and workers. Stakeholders include people who have a high commitment on matters of finance, and they are directly affected by the success and failure of the company. Further employees should not be treated paid labourers but can be treated as actual stakeholders with powers to change the outcomes of the agency because they feel worth. For example, when employees are treated better in the workplace, they are committed to seeing the organization become successful (Bidwell, Briscoe, Fernandez-Mateo Sterling, 2013). The impacts of Trump presidency on HR practices Trump presidency and the related policies will have an impact on the business, economy and the eventually the HR practices in the United States. For example, the laws and policies enacted will affect both small and large business due to trade liberalization, and protectionism policies which will protect domestic industries and employees against the growing forces of globalization. As such, the changes will be both negative and positive because some companies will experience skills shortages and growth of domestic industries. Some of the proposed changes that might affect the HR practices includes Repeal of the Affordable Care Act, implementation of six weeks of paid maternity leave, employers are also needed to provide child care in the workplace and others (Noland, Hufbauer, Moran Robinson, 2016). The issues of reshoring likely to be implemented during Trump presidency is likely to impact on talent availability. Depending on trade policy to be introduced there may be a shortage of white-collar jobs which will force employees to look for talent in many locations due to economic policy changes. On the other hand, the issues of skill shortages will face the HR department arise due to reshoring. This is because it will raise the demand for skills and thus shortages of employees especially in the manufacturing, call centre jobs. These sectors are likely to be disproportionately affected by the economic policies, and thus the HR departments will require increasing the budget meant for training. Policies and other initiatives that will help the companies rebuild the competencies in the organizations are necessary (Park, Joaquin, Min Ugaddan, 2017). Further, changes in the immigration reform in the United States will significantly affect global talent movement. Variations in these policies under Trump presidency means there will be less H1-B visas that helps sourcing of skilled workers and some nationalities especially in Muslim nations are likely to lose access to visa programs. Therefore hr. Policies and practices will have to be adopted in sectors such as automobile manufacturing which means they need to look for an alternative to satisfy their skilled employees demands. Besides, companies that have different skills needs to implement necessary policies to monitor the issues such as disengagement and quitting (Park, Joaquin, Min Ugaddan, 2017). There is expected changes such as enhanced employees remuneration for under maternal leaves. Such policies outlining the benefits could lead impact on the talent retention and increase competition between companies. For instance, firms will focus on enhancing the parental leave policies with an objective of attracting top talent (Park, Joaquin, Min Ugaddan, 2017). Human Relation Issue Affecting Workplace in America This section discusses the recent development of human relation in the U.S. workplaces such as Union decline, collective bargaining and others. Union and management relations does not constitute a major in the US workplace because the number of unions has declined significantly. Over time, some of these organizations have come up with innovative organizing strategies and tactics in sectors characterized by low wages. These industries are mostly infested by immigrants like hotels service (Kaufman Taras, 2016). However, there has been a counterbalance contributed by other industries such as steel, airlines, and autos. Therefore, in the United States, HR managers must contend with the issues in the labour relations. For instance, few already unionized organizations have seen the number of unionized workers reduce. Therefore, it is essential to understand that in the non-union sector, the amount of compensation received by the workers and other workplace conditions are decided unilatera lly by the management (Marks, 2014). Besides, in the structure of the union sector embraces collective bargaining but there is a high level of fragmentation. This kind of fragmentation continues to increase due to how employee bargain for their salaries with employees. For example, most of the workers tend to negotiate themselves without the intervention of the union and representation. Despite this, there are some common features identified in most of the collective bargaining such as being detailed, the cover wide range of issues such as pay, working hours, pensions, holidays, health and life cover, union recognition, their rights and that of the employer. Other included in the mix includes how the manager determines the issue of workplace promotions, layoffs and the payments time. The duration time involved in collective bargaining is between one and three years depending on the organization (Kaufman Taras, 2016). National unions wield a lot of power due to their direct control of funds, use of effective strategies and have the powers to form and demolish local unions at their will. Thus the managers working in the automobile industry needs to understand the effects of such national union and how they can destabilize the companies. Local unions are tasked with engaging in daily activities of the movement such as bargaining and ensuring the employee rights are followed under the agreement reached between management and workers. On the other hand, they are often involved in bargaining on issues raised in the new agreements and any actions deliberated by the union such as strikes. This means they can formulate standard rules applied to these actions (Kaufman Taras, 2016). Employees are seen as Costs and Not an Asset From the 1990s the employee got privileges that are not there today. For instance, Hewlett-Packard, IBM among other groups provided lifetime employment, but this has changed in the modern organization. Types of worker participation such as job enrichment, work teams, quality circles and other similar became standard. Jobs were defined to provide for greater autonomy among employees, training and indoctrination were the most important points of emphasis. These types of practices were more Japanese because it was believed to encourage increased productivity (Marks, 2014). However, the managers of today are starting at different organization practices which mean the changes has taken place in rhetoric and practice. US HR managers have to pay fewer concerns to general policies in the organization, and this means the focus is not on the human resource development as a way of making a profit or an obligation. Compared to previous decades HR was hesitant to cut wages and fire people, but this has since changes such as laying workers (Bennett Kaufman, 2016). The management stick to core competencies and other functions are acquired from vendors who are not affiliated with any union. For example, employee counselling services are not provided by the organization directly but are outsourced from other business. Besides, employment relations in the United States has been characterized by less job security. This issues is not in the junior employees only but affects even those in the top level such as managers. This is because even top managers in the organizations are closely monitored by the board of directors and held responsible for their actions (Park, Joaquin, Min Ugaddan, 2017). HRM practices in the United States Human resource management department is vital in the organization, and when setting an organization, it is essential to get it right from the beginning. In the US the HR practices and policies consider employment At Will.' In such a case the manager or the employer have the power to terminate the relationship with the worker at any given time without explaining the reasons (Nkomo, Hoobler, 2014). Besides, for senior employees, it includes a contract which means it is rare for an agreement to be referred to the process of the hiring process. Therefore, this reveals a lack of security and stability which is also supported by policies and practices by HR department. For instance, employees do not have a preference for working with the same company for long and therefore job Switching is quite common. Employees work for like three years and leave for another organization because they are guided by their goals than those of the organization (Hattam, 2014). Just like the UK which provides free health cover for their workers, in the US this type of benefit is not there, and the HRM practices use other advantages and offer to attract workers to take jobs. In addition, the HRM policies and practices have other values and practices such as recruitment system which is mostly career based and the mode of selecting the qualified workers is guided by extensive interviews, a reference to experience, focus on training and development. Further, it is governed by the needs of employees and the specific requirement for the post. The practices and policies call for training expenditure to be allocated on the basis on employee and workers are required to undertake between 1-3days of development and training annually (Haddock-Millar, Sanyal Mller-Camen, 2016). On matters of compensation and promotion, the employees are rewarded based on their overall performance, and the status of the person is by how the individuals perform their duties. However, for one to be promoted to a higher position, the level of qualifications are evaluated to come up with a major decision. There are also no formal restrictions on how the managers can promote employee biased on qualification and performance criterias. Other HR practices and policies include participative leadership style; there is high concentration on innovation and the aspect of entrepreneurship. As such many of the employees in the organization are well-trained professionals, have the attitude that makes them pursue things, tend to dislike trade unions, result oriented and persistence in the workplace Employment Relation and HRM Practices in Australia There are a significant difference and similarities between Australias and the United States workplace regarding labour relations laws and human resource management practices and policies. The employment relationship in the country is set guided by Fair Work Act 2009 and other legislation as enacted by the parliament. The laws and policies call for minimum conditions and terms of employment; there is collective bargaining that is supported by rules and bargaining obligations which govern the industrial action. Besides, employees are allowed to make the flexibility arrangements to reflect their needs that fit in their situation (Bartram, Boyle, Stanton, Burgess McDonnell, 2015). Further, the laws and policies provide protections for employees against unlawful and unfair termination of the contract and any other agreements during employment. On the other hand, there is protection against the violation of workers freedom. For example, the employers and their employees are obliged to choose third party representation by a third party. This is provided for by provision and policies governing the responsibilities and rights of the workplace representation (Bartram, Boyle, Stanton, Burgess McDonnell, 2015). According to Plimmer (2015), there are differences and similarities between Australia and the United States. The distinction between interests and rights. Interests include the content contained in the union contract while rights are how the same contract is applied and interpreted in the workplace. As such, an agreement leads to rights. In cases of disputes regarding interests they are settled through collective bargaining and workers goes on strikes in cases where these negotiation fails to materialize. There is a set procedure which followed when the process is being carried. In the U.S. the contracts take a long time as compared to that of Australian awards and the rights and interests are made available to employees (Sablok, Stanton, Bartram, Burgess Boyle, 2017). Conclusion In conclusion, in the U.S, there is high diversity regarding employment relations. This has been increasing due to the decline of unions and growth in non-union in the workplace. Under the Trump presidency there is likely development of protectionism policies which will affect greatly the HR practices such as paid maternity, retention and hiring of skills and skill shortages due to immigration laws. Therefore, there is a wide variety of non-union and union employment relation and practices as evidence in collective bargaining outcomes and policies. Further, the issues of union revitalization are seen as tactics and strategies employed by unions to further their membership due to increasing inequality of income and other international pressures. Although there may be differences, there are some striking similarities with Australia such as the existence of collective bargaining, a decline of unions and the policies guiding the practices. References Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The international journal of human resource management,24(2), 330-351. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Bartram, T., Boyle, B., Stanton, P., Burgess, J., McDonnell, A. (2015). Multinational enterprises and industrial relations: A research agenda for the 21st century.Journal of Industrial Relations,57(2), 127-145. Bennett, J. T., Kaufman, B. E. (2016).The future of private sector unionism in the United States. Routledge. Bidwell, M., Briscoe, F., Fernandez-Mateo, I., Sterling, A. (2013). The employment relationship and inequality: How and why changes in employment practices are reshaping rewards in organizations.The Academy of Management Annals,7(1), 61-121. Dix, G., Oxenbridge, S. (2013).Inside the workplace: findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey. Routledge. Haddock-Millar, J., Sanyal, C., Mller-Camen, M. (2016). Green human resource management: a comparative qualitative case study of a United States multinational corporation.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,27(2), 192-211. Hattam, V. C. (2014).Labor visions and state power: The origins of business unionism in the United States. Princeton University Press. Kaufman, B. E., Taras, D. G. (2016).Nonunion employee representation: history, contemporary practice and policy. Routledge. Marks, G. W. (2014).Unions in politics: Britain, Germany, and the United States in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Princeton University Press. Nkomo, S., Hoobler, J. M. (2014). A historical perspective on diversity ideologies in the United States: Reflections on human resource management research and practice.Human Resource Management Review,24(3), 245-257. Noland, M., Hufbauer, G. C., Moran, T., Robinson, S. (2016).Assessing trade agendas in the US presidential campaign. Peterson Institute for International Economics. Park, S. M., Joaquin, M. E., Min, K. R., Ugaddan, R. G. (2017). Do Reform Values Matter? Federal Worker Satisfaction and Turnover Intention at the Dawn of the Trump Presidency.The American Review of Public Administration, 0275074017706674. Plimmer, G. (2015).Managing Employee Performance Reward: Concepts, Practices, Strategies. Cambridge University Press. Rothweiler, H. (2016). Linking HRM Practices and Institutional Setting to Collective Turnover: An Empirical Exploration.Administrative Sciences,6(4), 18. Sablok, G., Stanton, P., Bartram, T., Burgess, J., Boyle, B. (2017). Human Resource Development practices, Managers and Multinational Enterprises in Australia: thinking globally, acting locally.Education+ Training,59(5). Sparrow, P., Brewster, C., Chung, C. (2016).Globalizing human resource management. Routledge. Storey, J., 2014.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Van Dierendonck, D., Lankester, A., Zmyslona, M., Rothweiler, H. (2016). Linking HRM Practices and Institutional Setting to Collective Turnover: An Empirical Exploration.Administrative Sciences,6(4), 18.

Snowboarding vs Skateboarding Essay Example

Snowboarding vs Skateboarding Essay Skateboarding vs. Snowboarding By Santiago Durr ENG 1111 Brenda Phegley 9/20/2012 Durr ii Outline Thesis: Skateboarding and snowboarding, they are two sports that could look similar, but they differ in several ways which are: terrain, tricks, cost and pain. I. Introduction II. Background A. Skateboarding B. Snowboarding III. Terrain and season A. Skateboarding B. Snowboarding IV. Tricks A. Skateboarding B. Snowboarding V. Cost A. Skateboarding B. Snowboarding VI. Pain A. Skateboarding B. Snowboarding VII. Conclusion Durr 1 Skateboarding vs. Snowboarding One of the things that has had the greatest impact on my life has been skateboarding, and now there is a new similar passion coming into my life which is snowboarding. I used to think that the two sports would be similar; but as the time went on, I found out that this was not the case at all. The two sports differ in several ways: terrain, tricks, pain, and cost. Skateboarding was the first board sport to come into my life and I must give it the most credit for molding me into the boy I am today. We will write a custom essay sample on Snowboarding vs Skateboarding specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Snowboarding vs Skateboarding specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Snowboarding vs Skateboarding specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is not the board or the tricks, but the whole attitude that comes with it: The adrenaline pumping through your body as you outrun some overweight police officers and the excitement of learning something new every day. The best thing, I think skateboarding gave me was friendships; and although I am not good friends with some of the people I used to skate with, I have been able to build some wonderful friendships that I love and consider my family. Snowboarding has done good things for me as well, even though I have only been practicing it a year. I got into snowboarding when I came to the US. I was not able to practice it in my country because we do not have a winter season. Even though I hate to say this, I think snowboarding is more fun than skateboarding. The terrain for skateboarding is pretty much wherever there is concrete. However, skateboarding is illegal in most spots which make it difficult to stay in one place for a prolonged period of time. Snowboarding takes a mountain and lots of snow, and it is not illegal, so the last thing that crosses your mind is picking up your board and running from the police. The biggest and most frustrating difference is that skateboarding can be done during the whole year, while snowboarding is a seasonal sport. Durr 2 The tricks involved in the two sports are the second biggest difference. On a skateboard your feet are free to move around and off the board. Being detached from the board enables you to do such tricks as the â€Å"kickflip† or the â€Å"shuvit†. The â€Å"kickflip† requires the individual to jump above the board as the board spins underneath them. The â€Å"shuvit† is done by jumping above the board, while it turns 180 degrees and then landing on the board as if nothing happened. Snowboarding has an entirely different tactic for tricks. An individual is attached to the board, so jumping above the board is completely out of the question. Most of the tricks involve spins in which one turns 180, 360, or 540 degrees with the board. The tricks done in snowboarding also require a lot more height and speed than those in skateboarding which is why is have taken such affection for the sport in this short time. The cost for practicing skateboarding is not as high as the cost for practicing snowboarding. One just needs a board that costs around sixty dollars and it can be done just about anywhere with pavement and is usually for free. In snowboarding not only the gear necessary is way more expensive than needed in skateboarding, but there is also added cost of getting somewhere to do it. The pain that comes with the two sports is somewhat similar. After all, a bruise is a bruise and a cut is a cut. Skateboarding is the sport in which one would suffer from gashes and bloody wounds. Snowboarding is mostly sprained wrists and really bad bruises. Take it from me, falling on a solid sheet of ice hurts a lot more than any pavement. In the end, I have chosen to stick with snowboarding because of its faster pace and the height one can get off a well-made jump, but I will always have a special place in my heart for skateboarding.